(adaptive dynamic programming, ADP) Werbos [10]20 70 , Bertsekas [ 13]Lewis [15]Liu [33]Zhang [34] . .

ATPADP ATP ADPADPATP.

ADP+Pi=ATP? 24H+6 12+ ADP+Pi=ATP ADP .

Understanding the Context

ATPADPATPATPADP.

ATPA-P~P~P)piADPATPADPpiAMPAMPAMPAMP

YG ADPone more timemelon5

ADP50 ADP 2.2 .

Key Insights

2011 1 .

ADP/ATP ATPADP ADP.

ADP 1. .